It is a rare type of hormonal excitement that can cause infertility. Hormones have a special place among infertility problems because they are most often the reason why people cannot conceive. At the same time, due to the lack of thorough research, hormone problems can remain unnoticed, and therefore not cured.
Hormonal imbalances of all kinds account for about a third of all cases of infertility, and hyperprolactinemia is among the first culprits for not being able to become parents. Hyperprolactinemia is a high level of the specific hormone prolactin in the blood, caused by various reasons. They are conventionally divided into several types: related to physiology, pathological and the consequences of taking medications.
Physiological hyperprolactinemia is a natural increase in the level of the hormone during a change in physiology: after physical exertion, during sexual intercourse or in a state of great stress. It is a completely normal condition, and when the cause disappears, the hormone returns to normal.
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Pathologies that can cause high prolactin levels are tumors or diseases such as polycystic disease, cirrhosis of the liver, and kidney failure. The body also reacts by producing prolactin to frequent abortions and curettage, as well as breast surgery.
Some medications can also cause increased levels of the hormone: hormonal drugs, neuroleptics, and others. Separately distinguish idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, the causes of which remain unknown – they are associated with an increase in pituitary gland function, but the causes are not clear.
What is prolactin?
Prolactin performs many functions. It is responsible for hormonal levels in women, leading to a stable menstrual cycle. Specifically, it helps the female body produce estrogen and the male body produces testosterone. This means that when this hormone is disturbed, problems with conception appear in both sexes, because women’s eggs do not mature normally, and men have sluggish sperm.
Symptoms and consequences
In women, the constant lack of prolactin causes serious violations of the menstrual cycle, up to its complete absence, and then the diagnosis is “endocrine infertility”.
In men, the lack of prolactin results in decreased potency and libido as well as lower sperm quality.
What to do?
The best treatment today is to take medication that contains dopamine. In addition, an endocrinologist prescribes an individual treatment that corrects hormone levels, designed to “restart” a normal menstrual cycle again.
This treatment has proven highly effective – over 80% of people were able to get well and conceive. Even pituitary tumors that have caused hyperprolactinemia can be greatly reduced with medication.